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Delegates in 2025 China-CELAC Forum

The China-CELAC Forum (Chinese: 中国—拉共体论坛, Foro China-CELAC) is a multilateral cooperation mechanism established in January 2015 between China and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC), comprising 33 member states.[1] Designed to promote comprehensive, equitable partnerships, it serves as the primary platform for advancing political dialogue, economic collaboration, and cultural exchanges between China and the region.[2][3]

History

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See also: 6th BRICS summit
China-LAC Leaders' summit in Brasilia in 2014

In July 2014, President of China Xi Jinping convened with the leaders of Latin American nations in Brazil on his tour to the region.[4] The summit endorsed the "Joint Statement from the China-LAC Leaders' summit in Brasilia", declaring the formation of the China-LAC Forum (CLAF) and scheduling the inaugural ministerial meeting of the Forum in Beijing at the earliest opportunity.[5]

2015

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The inaugural Ministerial Meeting of the China-LAC Forum took place in Beijing on January 8–9, 2015. President of China Xi Jinping, along with President of Costa Rica and Chairperson-in-Office of LAC Luis Guillermo Solís, President of Ecuador Rafael Correa, President of Venezuela Nicolás Maduro, and Prime Minister of the Bahamas Perry Christie, participated in the opening ceremony of the summit. President Xi presented a discourse titled "Jointly Writing a New Chapter of China-Latin America Comprehensive Partnership".[6] Premier Li Keqiang convened with the leaders of the Latin American delegations participating in the meeting.[7] Twenty-nine foreign ministers, ministers, or senior representatives from LAC member states participated in the meeting, alongside representatives from regional organizations and institutions, including the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, the Inter-American Development Bank, and the CAF – Development Bank of Latin America and the Caribbean, who attended as guests.[8] The meeting ratified three outcome documents: the Beijing Declaration from the inaugural Ministerial Meeting of the China-LAC Forum, the Plan for Cooperation between China and Latin American and Caribbean Countries (2015-2019), and the Regulations for Establishing and Managing the Mechanisms of the China-LAC Forum.[9]

On September 27, 2015, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi engaged in discussions in New York with the Foreign Ministers of Ecuado Ricardo Patiño, Foreign Ministers of Costa Rica Manuel González Sanz [es] and Maxine McClean of Barbados, and Vice Foreign Minister Alejandra Liriano de la Cruz of Dominica, along with Cuban Vice Foreign Minister Abelardo Moreno Fernández and Mexican Vice Foreign Minister Carlos Flores Vizcarra. The parties discussed enhancing China-Latin America relations and advancing the execution of the results from the inaugural ministerial meeting of the China-Latin America Forum.[10][11][12]

In 2015, the inaugural China-Latin America Infrastructure Cooperation Forum, the first China-Latin America Science and Technology Innovation Forum, the initial meeting of the China-Latin America Political Parties Forum, the second China-Latin America Young Politicians Forum, the ninth China-Latin America Entrepreneurs Summit, and the fifth China-Latin America Folk Friendship Forum, among other sub-forums, were consecutively convened; China and Latin America sustained robust communication regarding the $35 billion financing package arrangement for Latin America from the Chinese government.[13] The Chinese government has released a pertinent implementation plan, augmented the number of scholarships and training opportunities for LAC member states, and conducted the inaugural “Bridge to the Future” training and exchange camp for young leaders from China and Latin America.[14][15]

2018

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See also: 2018 G20 Buenos Aires summit

The Second Ministerial Meeting of the China-CELAC Forum is scheduled for January 19 to 22, 2018, in Santiago, Chile.[16][17]

On September 25, 2018, State Councillor and Foreign Minister Wang Yi participated in the Sixth China-CELAC Foreign Ministers' Dialogue at the United Nations Headquarters in New York. Carlos Castaneda, Foreign Minister of El Salvador, Miguel Octavio Vargas Maldonado, Foreign Minister of Dominica and former Chairperson-in-Office of CARICOM; Diego Pary Rodríguez, Foreign Minister of Bolivia and Chairperson-designate of CARICOM; and Kamina Johnson Smith, Foreign Minister of Jamaica and Chairperson-in-Office of CARICOM, attended the meeting, alongside representatives from other Caribbean Community member states.[18]

2019

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On September 26, 2019, State Councilor and Foreign Minister Wang Yi convened the Seventh Dialogue with Foreign Ministers of the China-LAC Troika at the United Nations Headquarters in New York.[19]

In 2019, the 5th China-Latin America Infrastructure Cooperation Forum, the 3rd Specialized Training Course on China-Latin America Financing Cooperation, the China-Latin America Youth Development Forum, the 5th China-Latin America Think Tank Forum, and the 13th China-Latin America Entrepreneurs Summit were conducted.[20]

2021

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On December 3, 2021, President Xi Jinping presented a video address at the Third Ministerial Meeting of the China-LAC Forum.[21] The meeting ratified the Declaration of the Third Ministerial Meeting of the China-LAC Forum and the Joint Action Plan for Cooperation between China and LAC Member States in Key Areas (2022-2024).[22]

2024

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See also: 2024 state visit by Xi Jinping to Peru and Brazil, APEC Peru 2024, and 2024 G20 Rio de Janeiro summit

On September 24, 2024, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi participates in the eighth round of the China-LAC Troika Foreign Ministers' Dialogue at the United Nations Headquarters in New York.[23]

2025

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President of Chile Gabriel Boric, President of Brazil Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, President of China Xi Jinping, and President of Colombia Gustavo Petro in 2025 China-CELAC Forum

The Fourth Ministerial Meeting of the China-CELAC Forum occurred on May 13, 2025, in Beijing. President of Brazil Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, President of Colombia Gustavo Petro, and President of Chile Gabriel Boric have arrived in Beijing for the meeting.[24][25][26]

President Xi Jinping participated in the inaugural ceremony of the gathering and presented a significant address.[27][28] Xi announced the initiation of five programs aimed at promoting shared growth and revitalization with Latin American and Caribbean nations. During his keynote address at the opening ceremony of the fourth ministerial meeting of the China-CELAC Forum in Beijing, Xi announced five initiatives encompassing solidarity, development, civilization, peace, and people-to-people connectivity.[28]

Bilateral trade for the initial three quarters of 2025 was $427.4 billion. By May 2025, two-thirds of Latin American nations have participated in China's Belt and Road Initiative, with China surpassing the United States as the primary trading partner of Brazil, Peru, and Chile, among others.[29][30]

Outcomes

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Under the auspices of the China-CELAC Forum, over 100 initiatives have been conducted between China and Latin America, encompassing diverse sectors such as agricultural production, scientific and technological innovation, poverty alleviation, sustainable development, defense collaboration, anti-corruption efforts, and law enforcement. Additionally, various platforms have been established, including the China-Latin America Center for Sustainable Food Innovation, the China-Latin America Center for Technology Transfer, and the China-Latin America Center for News Exchange. Besides, the China-Latin America Cooperation Fund, the China-LAC Cooperation Fund, the China-Latin America Infrastructure Special Loan, and other structures have offered varied options for development finance to Latin American nations.[31][32]

Metro Line 1 in Bogotá, constructed and managed by Chinese companies, represents one of the most significant infrastructure endeavors in Colombia to date. Furthermore, significant initiatives encompass Brazil's Belo Monte Dam and transmission line,[33] Argentina's Belgrano freight railroad reconstruction,[34] Jamaica's North-South Highway,[35] Peru's Port of Chancay, Mexico's photovoltaic project in Puerto Peñasco,[36] Guyana's New Demerara River Bridge, among others.[37][38]

References

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  1. ^ Gardini, Gian Luca; Koschut, Simon; Falke, Andreas (2018-10-15). Interregionalism and the Americas. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 173. ISBN 978-1-4985-7688-8. Retrieved 2025-05-14.
  2. ^ He, Shuangrong; Chen, Yuanting (2022-10-11). History Of Relations Between China And Latin American And Caribbean Countries. World Scientific. p. 511. ISBN 978-981-12-5253-2. Retrieved 2025-05-14.
  3. ^ Schneider, Aaron; Teixeira, Alessandro Golombiewski (2022-12-31). China, Latin America, and the Global Economy: Economic, Historical, and National Issues. Springer Nature. p. 29. ISBN 978-3-031-18026-2. Retrieved 2025-05-14.
  4. ^ "Chinese president arrives in Argentina for state visit". Chinadaily.com.cn. 2014-07-19. Retrieved 2025-05-13.
  5. ^ "中国拉美关系将发生6大结构性变革-新华网". Xinhua News Agency (in Chinese). 2016-12-25. Retrieved 2025-05-13.
  6. ^ "习近平：共同谱写中拉全面合作伙伴关系新篇章-新华网". Xinhua News Agency (in Chinese). 2015-01-09. Retrieved 2025-05-13.
  7. ^ Guimarães, Bruno Gomes; Ives, Diogo (2015-09-21). "China, South America and Regional Integration". The Diplomat – Asia-Pacific Current Affairs Magazine. Retrieved 2025-05-14.
  8. ^ ""It Is Vital for the Region to Forge Closer Strategic Ties with China"". Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean. 2015-01-09. Retrieved 2025-05-14.
  9. ^ "陈冀平书记出席中国-拉共体论坛首届部长级会议开幕式". 首页 中国法学会 (in Chinese). 2020-01-25. Retrieved 2025-05-13.
  10. ^ "中拉合作重实用 轻战略". 世界频道-财新网 (in Chinese). 2015-05-27. Retrieved 2025-05-13.
  11. ^ "王毅：落实中拉领导人合作共识，打造中拉全方位合作"升级版"-新华网". Xinhua News Agency (in Chinese). 2017-03-27. Retrieved 2025-05-13.
  12. ^ Xing, Li; Vadell, Javier (2024-03-29). China-US Rivalry and Regional Reordering in Latin America and the Caribbean. Taylor & Francis. p. 264. ISBN 978-1-04-000229-2. Retrieved 2025-05-14.
  13. ^ "人民日报国纪平文章：迎接中拉命运与共的历史新时期 ——写在习近平主席2016年拉美之行前夕". 新华网 (in Chinese). 2016-04-14. Retrieved 2025-05-13.
  14. ^ "中拉合作奏响全球南方共同发展新乐章-上海证券报·中国证券网". 上海证券报·中国证券网-权威 价值 专业-www.cnstock.com/ (in Chinese). 2025-05-13. Retrieved 2025-05-13.
  15. ^ "人民日报国纪平文章：迎接中拉命运与共的历史新时期 ——写在习近平主席2016年拉美之行前夕". 新华网 (in Chinese). 2016-04-14. Retrieved 2025-05-13.
  16. ^ "新闻背景：中国－拉美和加勒比国家共同体论坛第二届部长级会议-新华网". 新华网 (in Chinese). 2018-01-19. Retrieved 2025-05-13.
  17. ^ Fabian Cambero, Dave Sherwood (2018-01-22). "China invites Latin America to take part in One Belt, One Road". Reuters. Retrieved 2025-05-14.
  18. ^ "王毅出席中国－拉共体"四驾马车"外长第六次对话_国务委员王毅_中国政府网". 中国政府网_中央人民政府门户网站 (in Chinese). 2023-05-26. Retrieved 2025-05-13.
  19. ^ "王毅主持中国－拉共体"四驾马车"外长第七次对话". 国际--人民网 (in Chinese). 2019-09-27. Retrieved 2025-05-13.
  20. ^ "中国—拉共体论坛_中华人民共和国外交部". 中华人民共和国外交部 (in Chinese). Retrieved 2025-05-13.
  21. ^ "习近平向中国－拉共体论坛第三届部长会议发表视频致辞-新华网". Xinhua News Agency (in Chinese). 2021-12-03. Retrieved 2025-05-13.
  22. ^ "中拉合作奏响全球南方共同发展新乐章__中国政府网". 中国政府网_中央人民政府门户网站 (in Chinese). 2025-05-13. Retrieved 2025-05-13.
  23. ^ "王毅出席中国—拉共体"四驾马车"外长第八轮对话". Securities Times (in Chinese). 2024-09-25. Retrieved 2025-05-13.
  24. ^ "China, Brazil agree to defend free trade as leaders meet in Beijing". Reuters. 2025-05-13. Retrieved 2025-05-14.
  25. ^ "Presidente Gabriel Boric encabeza foro empresarial Chile-China 2025". Gobierno de Chile (in Spanish). 2024-05-13. Retrieved 2025-05-14.
  26. ^ "China destina 10.000 millones de dólares a nuevos créditos en América Latina". France 24 (in Spanish). 2025-05-13. Retrieved 2025-05-14.
  27. ^ "习近平将出席中国－拉美和加勒比国家共同体论坛第四届部长级会议开幕式并发表重要讲话-新华网". Xinhua News Agency (in Chinese). 2025-05-11. Retrieved 2025-05-13.
  28. ^ a b "Xi unveils roadmap for deepening cooperation with LAC countries". People's Daily Online. 2025-05-14. Retrieved 2025-05-14.
  29. ^ "北京举办论坛加强对"美国后院"影响力". 联合早报 (in Chinese). 2025-05-12. Retrieved 2025-05-13.
  30. ^ Belaich, Fabio (2025-05-13). "CELAC, origen y evolución". NODAL (in Spanish). Retrieved 2025-05-14.
  31. ^ Buckley, Chris (2025-05-12). "China Courts Lula and Latin America After Trump's Tariff Shock". The New York Times. Retrieved 2025-05-13.
  32. ^ Phillips, Tom (2025-05-12). "Brazil's president seeks 'indestructible' links with China amid Trump trade war". the Guardian. Retrieved 2025-05-13.
  33. ^ "China's State Grid to build mammoth power line for Belo Monte dam in Brazil". Chinadaily.com.cn (in Latin). 2015-07-18. Retrieved 2025-05-13.
  34. ^ "Spotlight: How China is helping Argentina transform its railways". Xinhua. 2018-08-31. Retrieved 2025-05-13.
  35. ^ Foxcroft, Tiffany (2019-11-28). "Jamaica has China to thank for much-needed infrastructure". CBC. Retrieved 2025-05-13.
  36. ^ This content was updated on (2023-04-29). "Power plant profile: Puerto Penasco Solar PV Power Project, Mexico". Power Technology. Retrieved 2025-05-13.
  37. ^ "中拉合作奏响全球南方共同发展新乐章-新华网". 新华网 (in Chinese). 2025-05-13. Retrieved 2025-05-13.
  38. ^ Raghubir, Karishma (2023-01-18). "Government signs loan agreement with Bank of China for advancement of construction of historic New Demerara River Bridge". Ministry of Finance. Retrieved 2025-05-13.
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